Blast-furnace.



No. 739,281. PATENTED SEPT. 22, 1903.

M. BLANOHARD & G. D. WILLIAMS.

BLAST FURNACE.-

APPLICATION FILED D130. 31, 1902.

N0 MQDEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No.739,281, J PATENTED SEPT. 22, 1903.

BLANGHARDGzG. 1). WILLIAMS.

BLAST FURNACE.

APPLICATION Hun 111:0. a1. 1902.

no MODEL. 2 sums-sum 2.

wifgzsses: I 9 W I b ing parts,

. UNIT D STATES liatented September Q2, 190

PATENT OFFICE.

MAURICE BLANGHARD AND CHARLES D WILLIAMS, or BILL-ARI), OREGON;

BLAST-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. '739,281,datedSeptember 22, 1903. Application filed December 31,1902l Serial No-13'7323. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: Y Be it known that we, MAURICE BLANCHARD andCHARLES D. 'WILLIAMs, citizens of the United States, residing atDillard, in the county of Douglas and State of Oregon, have invented anew and useful Blast-Furnace, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates generally to blastfurnaces, and particularly tothat class employed in smelting or reducing metallic oresj The object ofthe invention is in a ready, simple, thoroughly feasible, and practicalmanner to employ bituminous or lignite'coal in place of coke, to efiectcomplete combustion of the smoke and by a second combusion of the gasesto generate the required heat at the expenditure of a minimum of fuel,(and that of a cheaper character than is generally'employed,) to renderthe gases practically innocuous, and to provide effective means toemploy the gases for reducing purposes when necessary.

With these and other objects in view, as will appear as the nature ofthe invention is better understood, the same consists in the novelconstruction and combination of parts of a blast-furnace, as will behereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the specification, andin which like characters of reference indicate correspondthere areillustrated two forms of embodiment of the invention, each capable ofcarrying the same into practical operation, it being understood that theelements therein exhibited may be varied or'changed asto shape,proportion, and exact manner of assemblage without departing from thespirit thereof.

In the drawings, Figure 1 isa View in vertical longitudinal section of afurnace constructed in accordance with the, present in-' vention. Fig. 2is a vertical transverse section through the primary furnace, taken atright angles to the plane of Fig.1. Fig. 3 is a view in verticallongitudinal section through a modified form of furnace.

Referring to the drawings, and to Figs. 1

and 2 thereof, 1 designates the primary furnace, 2 the secondaryfurnace, and 3 the flue connecting the furnaces, the floor of the flueconstituting a slag-pit and hearth. The primary furnace 1 is similar inconstruction to an ordinarysmelter-furnace and is provided at intervalsin its height and on opposite sides with a plurality of twyers 4, eachhaving associated with it a damper 5 and at its upper end a blast-pipe6, leading to a suitable source of air-supply. The tops of both of thefurnaces are adapted to be closed by suitable covers 7 and 8,respectively. The

lower portion of each furnace adjacent to the slag-pit is constricted topresent a throat 9, which operates to hold the material to be treatedfromdropping into the pit before fusion has taken place, and theslag-pit of the primary furnace has tap-pipes 10 and 11 connected withit, by which the molten material may be drawn off from different levels;

In the operation of the furnace the primary furnace is charged withoreand flux to a point slightly above the lowest of the twyers,

as shown In Fig. 2, and upon this charge is placed a layer of coke, theamount being determined by the operator, and the furnace or stack isthen filled nearly to the top with al-' ternate charges of ore, fiu'x,and coke, the last or top charge being of coal, (designated by12.) Thecharge of coal isthen fired by means of hot liquid slag or otherwise,and the dampers in all of the twyers are closed,

and a blast of air is admitted through the blast pipe 6. This. blastpartly consumes the coal and passesdownward to the bottom of the primaryfurnace, thence horizontally along the flue 3 to the bottom of thesecond ary furnace 2, and thence upward to an escape-flue 13, in-the topof the last-named fur- When the heat has become sufficiently nace.intense at the upper set of twyers to ignite the smoke and gases, thedampers of these twyers are opened to admit air, and air is alsoadmitted successively to the other sets of twyers as the heat reachesthe desired degree at those points. The blast from the twyers completesthe combustion of the fuel, con

sumes the smoke, and converts the carbon monoxid into carbon dioxid, andthus causes a progressive rise of temperature from the top of thefurnace to the bottom, where the ore is fused. On reaching thebottom ofthe secondary furnace the blast is sufficiently heated tofuse the ore;but the heat may be augmented by openingthe dampers in the twyers. Theblast consumes what carbon monoxid there may be at the secondaryfurnace, the quantity of this gas being controlled by adjustments of thedampers in the twyers. As the stock settles in the primary furnace thefurnace is charged with ore, flux, and coal and is fired as firstdescribed. The secondary furnace is usually charged with ore and fluxonly; but if deemed advisable asmall quantity of coal may be employed.The slag and metal are drawn off at the taps 10 and 11, respectively, asdesired.

The above-described procedure applies to the reduction of auriferousores; but where the ore is of a character that needs the action of areducing-gas at a moderate temperature, such as oxid of iron, thesecondary furnace will be dispensed with and the primary furnace will bemade of greater height and provided with more twyers. Under theseconditions the furnace will be filled about onefourth of itsheight withcoal and then with alternate charges of ore and coal until it is abouttwo-thirds full and is then fired in the manner already described. Onlysufficient blast will be admitted at the top and at the different twyersto keep the ores at the desired temperature, and the reduction of theore is thereby rendered complete as soon as the gases in contacttherewith are fully charged with carbon. When the reduction is nearlycomplete, sufficient blast is turned in at the lower twyers to consumethe coal at the bottom, and the furnace is completely filled with oreand coal and again fired at the top, and this last charge is kept at amoderate heat, as before. As the coal at the bottom of the furnace isconsumed the ore settles down and is fused.

As above pointed out, in smeltingiron only one furnace is employed, sothat after the ore is fused and gas leaves'the furnace it is just as hotas when in use and contains a large amount of carbon. In order toutilize this carbon or hot gas where there is gold or other ore thatdoes not require reducing-gases, a smaller secondary furnace 14: may beemployed disposed adjacent to the primary furmace and connectedtherewith only by a fine 15 for conducting the waste heat from onefurnace to the other, as shown in Fig. 3. This smaller or secondaryfurnace is provided with sets of twyers 16 to introduce fresh air forburning the carbon that has not been utilized, and by this procedure alarge amount of ore can be smelted by using but a small amount of fuel.The waste heat may also be utilized for roasting ores to be separated bythe cyanid process, for baking pottery after the intensity of the heatis somewhat reduced, for running stationary engines, and for any purposewhere great heat is required.

It Will be noted that the air is introduced into the furnace above thenarrow or neck portion thereof, and this arrangement renders the furnaceless liable to freeze, a calamity that is carefully to be avoided,inasmuch as it entails a heavy expense each time it occurs.

While the structures herein shown are exceedingly simple inconstruction, they will be found thoroughly efficient for the purposesdesigned and may be cheaply and satisfactorily operated.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is-- Anapparatus of the character specified, comprising a primary furnace and asecondary furnace, a fine connecting the lower portions of the furnacesand constituting a slagpit, tap-pipes communicating with the slag pit,twyers arranged at intervals in the height of the primary furnace, ablast-pipe communicating with the upper portion of the primary furnace,and an escape-pipe com municating with the upper portion of the secondary furnace.

In testimony that We claim the foregoing as our own we have heretoaffixed our signatures in the presence of two Witnesses.

MAURICE BLANOHARD. CHARLES D. WILLIAMS.

tVitnesses:

O. L. HAMILTON, O. P. OosHoW.

